The philosophy of criminalizing digital drugs under international law
الكلمات المفتاحية:
- Drugs. - Digital Drug. - International Law. - Internet.الملخص
Abstract: Digital drugs are a serious issue that threatens age groups, especially people who are under the legal age of puberty, as well as something that is not easy for the national or international community. Previously, digital drugs were used as a treatment for psychiatric patients and those suffering from neurological diseases, but the matter was different when Internet networks became available in all age groups, they are taken to harm and destroy the self, not to treat it, and it is possible that some individuals may reach a state of addiction. Accordingly, it necessitated criminalizing the behavior of making audio clips and uploading them on the Internet, as well as prohibiting their circulation, and prohibiting listening to them if their effects are proven to be similar to that of traditional drugs.
المراجع
First - legal books
- Dr. Khalid Hamid Al-Mahanadi, Drugs and their psychological, social and economic effects in the countries of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, Studies and Research Unit, Criminal Information Center for Drug Control of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, Doha, Qatar, 2013.
-Sheikh Ali Ahmad Abd al-AL-Tahtawi, Milestones of Good Deeds by Explaining the Harmful Effects of Drugs, Dar al-Cutup al-Omiya for Publishing, Beirut, Lebanon.
Second, theses and university dissertations
-Jamal Sandown Murrin, Punitive policy between abuse and trafficking in psychotropic substances and narcotics, a comparative study, master’s thesis in the Faculty of Law, Middle East University, Jordan, 2021.
-Maysoon Khalid Al-Hamdani, Drug Crimes in Iraqi Law, a comparative study, PhD thesis, Faculty of Law, Al-Nahrain University, 2007.
Third - research
-Bu Quaint Abdel Halima, Towards Combating the Phenomenon of Digital Drugs, a research published in the Al-Mustansiriya University Journal of Arab and International Studies, Volume 16, Issue 66, 2019.
- Dr. Shrines Hassan Mohamed, Dr. Adel Mohamed El-Saudi, The level of self-awareness regarding digital drugs among young people and the proposed role of the university in confronting them, research published in the Famous University Journal of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Volume 14, Part 3, July 2020.
- Dr. Omar Abdel-Majid Mosbeh, Penal Problems in the Adaptation of Digital Drugs, research published in the Journal of Law and Society, Volume 5, No. 1, Algeria.
- Nusaiba Freijat, Ali Maamra, A Conceptual Approach to Digital Drugs, Proceedings of the National Forum on: Drugs and Society: Diagnosing the Phenomenon and Ways of Prevention and Treatment, Part 1, October 2020.
- Nawal Ahmed Sara Al-Khalid, criminal responsibility arising from the use of digital drugs, a research published in the Journal of the Faculty of Law, Al-Nahrain University, Volume 19 of 2017, p. 253.
Fourth: National laws
- Drugs Law No. (68) of 1965
- Psychotropic Substances Law No. 50 of 2017
Fifth - International agreements and treaties
- The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs in 1961.
- Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971
- The United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances of 1988
Sixth - English language sources
- General Assembly ,Outcome Document Of The 2016 ,United Nations General Assembly Special , Session On The World Drug Problem Our Joint Commitment To Effectively Addressing And Countering The World Drug Problem, Thirtieth Special Session New York, 19-21 April 2016.
- General Assembly, United Nations, Executive Summary Impact of Covid-19 , Policy Implication, United Nations, June 2020.
-General Assembly, United Nations, Drug Supply, United Nations, June 2020.
-General Assembly, United Nations, Cross-Cutting Issues, Evolving Trends And New Challenges June 2020.
-General Assembly, United Nations, Socioeconomic Characteristics And Drug Use Disorder, 2020.
-General Assembly, United Nations Other Drug Policy Iss, 2020.
Seventh: Websites
