The peaceful transfer of power and its impact on political stability in Iraq after 2003
الكلمات المفتاحية:
- Peaceful Trading. - Democracy. - The Election. - Political Opposition. - Political Stability.الملخص
Abstract: Peaceful circulation is an important indicator of the state of political stability in political systems, especially the Iraqi parliamentary political system, as this issue takes on great political importance for the Iraqi political system after 2003. In the Iraqi political system, where political stability reflects positively on all aspects of economic, social, political and security life. We divided the research into an introduction and three topics. The first topic includes the nature of the peaceful transfer of power and its conditions. The second topic was titled “Forms of Peaceful Transfer of Power and Distinguishing it from Other Methods.” In the third topic, we discussed the obstacles to the peaceful transfer of power and its impact on political stability in Iraq. We mentioned the results that we reached, the most important of which is that although partisan pluralism is one of the aspects of democracy, its presence in an exaggerated manner in Iraq is considered one of the obstacles to the peaceful transfer of power. with the aim of achieving a peaceful transfer of power.
المراجع
First: books
Dr. Ihsan Hamid al-Mafarji and others, The General Theory of Constitutional Law and the Constitutional System in Iraq, fourth edition, Al-Atak Book Industry, Cairo, 2010.
Dr. Ahmad Sarhan, On Constitutional Law and Political Systems, first edition, University Institute for Studies, Publishing and Distribution, Beirut, 2002.
Al-Haytham Al-Ayoubi and others, The Military Encyclopedia, Part One, The Arab Foundation for Studies and Publishing, Beirut, 1986.
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Second: University theses
Senussi Ahmed Ayman Majdaldin, The Principle of Devolution of Power in Algerian Legislations, Master Thesis, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Kasdi Merbah - Ouargla -, 2016.
Hajriwa Yassin, Bezina Wiza, The Principle of Devolution of Power between Constitutional Texts and the Political Reality in Algeria, Master Thesis, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Bejaia, 2016.
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Third: research and articles
Dr. Ahmed Fadel Jassem Dawood, Social Instability in Iraq Post 2003 (An Analytical Study of Societal Challenges...and Future Prospects), Political and International Journal, Issue 25, 2014.
Elham Mutashar Hadi, The Constitutional and Legal Principles and Principles of Political Parties and Their Role in the Peaceful Transfer of Power, Journal of Sustainable Studies, Fifth Year, Volume Five, Issue One, 2023.
Dr. Jassim Muhammad Ahmed, Democracy and the Problem of the Peaceful Transfer of Power, Adab Al-Farahidi Journal, Issue 10, 2012.
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Salem Ali Hussein & Dr. Khaled Abdullah, Obstacles to Institutional Building in Iraq after 2003, The Political and International Journal, Volume 2, Issue 52, 2022.
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Fourth: International agreements and documents:
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights issued in 1948.
Fifth: National legislation
Bylaws of the Iraqi Council of Representatives, fifth edition, 2012.
The Iraqi Constitution of 2005.
The Constitution of the United States of America amended in 1789.
The Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt of 2014.
Sixth: English sources
Dennis Anderson, Ph.D., How has Web 2.0 reshaped the presidential campaign in the United States, Pace University, New York, USA, 2010.
Seventh: electronic resources
Dr. Adel Amer, Transfer of Power According to International Law, Standards, and Political Systems in the Arab World, research published on the Internet:
www.adelamer.com/up/attach/45a221a934.doc.
Date of last visit: 18.3.2023
Emad bin Mohammed, Deliberation on Power, available at the following link: http://bohothe.blogspot.com/2008/12/blog-post.html
Date of visit: 3/20/2023
Najm al-Din Ali al-Khatib, peaceful transfer of power, a research published on the Internet: www.politics&law.com
Date of last visit: 25/2/2023
