The neglecting in public service as a sample for criminal fraud

Authors

  • Dr. Zeina Zuhair Mohammed Sheet . College of Rights, University of Mosul, Nineveh

Keywords:

- Neglecting . - Public service duties. - Legal impacts.

Abstract

Abstract: The phenomenon of job negligence is due to the increase، in the commission of unintentional، crimes arising from it، as well as the expansion of the scope of unintentional criminalization in legal legislation. Complete، that is، the harmful consequence of violating a right protected by law، such as the right to life or bodily integrity. The scope of criminalization has now extended to negligent behavior that endangers legally protected rights and interests even if it does not actually harm them. On this basis، we will discuss in this study the functional negligence and the forms of error that are crimes punishable by law to reach effective solutions to reduce them and indicate the appropriateness of the punitive texts for these crimes.

References

Linguistic references:

Al-Allamah Al-Jawhari, Al-Sihah fi Al-Lughah wa Al-Ulum, presented by Abdullah Al-Alayli, Volume 2, Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiyya, Beirut, without a year of publication.

First: Legal books:

D. Ibrahim Eid Nayel, Explanation of the Penal Code, Special Section, Dar Al Nahda Al Arabiya, Cairo.

D. Ahmed Abdel Latif, Unintentional Error in Positive Law and Islamic Sharia, Egyptian Nahda Library, Cairo, 2004.

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D. Ahmed Kamel Salama, Explanation of the Penal Code, Special Section, Intentional and Unintentional Crimes of Wounding and Murder, Jurisprudence and Judiciary, Nahdet al-Sharq Library, Cairo University,1987.

D. Soldier Abdul Malik, The Criminal Encyclopedia, Volume 3, House of Legal Writings, Beirut, 2000.

D. Hassan Akoush, Crimes of Public Funds and Economic Crimes Affecting the National Economy, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Hadith, 1979.

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D. Hamid Al-Saadi, Explanation of the Penal Code, General Section, Part 3, Al-Ma’arif Press, Baghdad, 1976.

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Dr. Maher Abd Shweish, Explanation of the Penal Code, for the Specials Department, University of Mosul, 1988.

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D. Mahmoud Naguib Hosni, Explanation of the Lebanese Penal Code, Special Section, Publications Library, Beirut, 1968.

D. Mustafa Al-Awji, Criminal Liability in the Economic Corporation, Al-Halabi Legal Publications, Beirut, Lebanon, 2015.

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Second: University theses and dissertations:

A - University theses:

Fathi Saeed Youssef, The Idea of Criminal Liability in Positive Law Compared to Islamic Jurisprudence, PhD thesis, Faculty of Law, Ain Shams University, 1994.

Widad Abdul Rahman Hamadi Al-Qaisi, The Crime of Negligence, a comparative study, doctoral thesis, College of Law, University of Baghdad, 1999.

B- University theses:

Adel Youssef Abdel Nabi Al-Shukri, Criminal Liability Arising from Negligence, An Applied Comparative Analytical Study, Master’s Thesis, College of Law, University of Babylon, 2005.

Third: Published research

D. Sabah Sami Dawoud, Causation of the Criminal Judgment, Journal of Legal Sciences, University of Baghdad, College of Law, No. 3, Part 1, 2017.

Zainab Ahmed Awain, The Corruption Case of the Crime of Unintentional Damage to State Funds in the Iraqi Penal Code, Journal of Al-Haqouk College, Al-Nahrain University, Special Issue, 2009.

Fourth: Laws

Iraqi Locust Control Law No. (42) of 1960.

The effective Iraqi Penal Code No. (111) of 1969, amended.

Iraqi Agrarian Reform Law No. (117) of 1970.

The effective Iraqi Code of Criminal Procedure No. (23) of 1971, as amended.

Iraqi Public Roads Law No. (1) of 1983.

Law amending the fines contained in the Iraqi Penal Code No. (111) of 1969 and other special laws No. (6) of 2010.

Law of Discipline of Iraqi State and Public Sector Employees No. (14) of 1991, as amended.

Iraqi Traffic Law No. (86) of 2004.

Integrity and Illicit Gain Commission Law No. (30) of 2011, as amended.

Fifth: Judicial decisions

Decision of the Iraqi Court of Cassation No. (35) of 4/7/1973, published in the Judicial Bulletin, Issue 2, Year 4.

Published

2024-04-30

How to Cite

., D. Z. Z. M. S. (2024). The neglecting in public service as a sample for criminal fraud. TIKRIT UNIVERSITY JOURNAL FOR RIGHTS, 8(1), 329–359. Retrieved from https://tujr.tu.edu.iq/index.php/home/article/view/245