Punitive Protection Against Polluting Nature Reserves

Abstract

: Nature reserves are the last resort for some species of living beings threatened by extinction, i.e. the ones that cannot be reiterated come again. The crime of polluting nature reserves through polluting their soil, water or air is considered the most threatening environmental crime to the living beings existing in it, as it causes alteration in the environment due to man daily activities which may lead to the emergence of some resources that do not conform to the feature of nature reserves as well as the occurrence of disorder in the biological diversion. Thus, we can preserve these creatures from extinction by demonstrating the crimes committed against nature reserves like polluting their soil, water or air and limiting them via punitive laws against their perpetrators. Therefore, we shall discuss punitive protection against polluting these reserves and the extent to which the system of Iraqi nature reserves responds to confront the crimes of pollution, and to show the extent of efficiency of the Iraqi law of environment protection and development, no. 27 of 2009, and in finding some sort of active punitive protection of the environment and its elements since the system of reserves transferred this responsibility to it. Accordingly, we divided this research into three chapters; in the first we tackled the nature of pollution in the nature reserves, the second chapter was dedicated to the articles of the crime of polluting nature reserves, and in the third we demonstrated the penal retributions that can befall its perpetrator, and we concluded the research with a conclusion comprised a number of findings and recommendations. Hence, it became clear that the crime of polluting nature reserves constitutes an assault against an interest protected by the law and what confirms this is that most punitive legislations of nature reserves dictate the conviction of polluting those reserves considering the gravity of this crime and thus organized a criminal code for it.